Each player receives two face-up cards, while one of the two dealer’s cards is dealt face down. When using the "plus-minus count," each card has a value. Once you get your first two cards, you must assess your hand's potential and determine your best move. Blackjack card values. The objective of blackjack is commonly known as achieving 21 or as close to 21 as possible but change the objective to beating the dealer’s hand and the game shifts. Ace card in Blackjack can be either 1 or 11 depending on your hand at the moment. Remove one card from the deck and keep a running count; you should know what card value you removed by the end. png","contentType":"file"},{"name. The first step on your way to learn blackjack is memorising the game’s specific card values:. Any player that goes past 21 loses the game. ; When you land an ace that can be counted as 11, you have a. Blackjack can be played with 1 to 12 players. 2. cut card; 11: Value and strategy for 678 and 777 bonuses; 12: Risk of ruin statistics; 13: Probabilities in the first four cards; 14: Value of each initial player cardThe Uston SS (Strongest and Simplest) Blackjack Card Counting System. The values of Blackjack cards. When a player has an ace in their hand, they often have the choice of deciding whether the ace counts as 1 or 11, depending on. Is the joker card used in blackjack? A: The Joker card is a wild card in blackjack. They are proficient at cheating at veintiuna (Spanish for "twenty-one") and state that the object of the game is to reach 21 points without going over and that the ace values 1 or 11. persistent dec; %persistent makes it so matlab stores this variable. When it comes to values, there are three things you should know: Ace has two values – “1” or “11. 1. It's impossible to form blackjack with more than two cards in your hand. Online Blackjack Card Values. Face cards are worth 10, number cards (2–10) have their specified value, and an ace might be 1 or 11. The changes usually include specific card value shifts or a slightly different way to calculate the running or true count from one to the next. The goal of Blackjack is to have one's cards add up to 21 without exceeding it, which if so, is referred to as "going bust. dec=dec (randperm (length (dec))); %this. 23% of cards. Face cards (Kings, Queens and Jacks) are worth 10, cards from two to 10 are worth their 'pip value' (the value stated on the card) and Aces can be worth one or 11. Playing free blackjack games on Casino. cards. As a player, your goal is to get as close to or exactly 21 without going over. png","path":"blackjack/blackjack. e. The value of number cards is indicated on the card itself. Then there is the ace. co These are the blackjack card values used in almost all blackjack game variations: Number cards (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10_ are played at face value. Bust – A hand with a value of more than 21. In reality, the aim is to beat the dealer's hand without going over 21. Cards 2–10 are counted at face value—in other words, a two of hearts, spades, diamonds, and clubs always equals two points, and so on up the ladder to the 10. The Hi-Lo blackjack card counting system, also known as the High/Low system or the Plus/Minus system, was created by Harvey Dubner. What are the card values in blackjack: Cards from 2 to 9 are valued at face. Most people assume the objective of blackjack is to get a hand as close to 21 as possible. However, Jacks, Queens and Kings all have the value of 10. Now that you know the basics around how card counting works, here is a short step-by-step guide on how any given round of Blackjack: If a card has a value 2-6 then add the tag +1 to them. Each player can take a seat and make one bet or make three bets and get. For example, the 2 of hearts is worth 2 points, the 5 of spades is worth 5 points, and so on. Face cards: King, Queen, and Jack have a value of 10. ArrayList; public class Player { private. 7: Effect of card removal; 8: Analysis of blackjack side bets; 9: Composition-dependent expected returns for 1 to 8 decks; 10: Continuous shuffling machine vs. It’s a classic case when at the end of the game your hand value is higher than the dealer’s one. Accordingly, cards from 2-6 are assigned +1, cards from 7-9 get a 0, and the rest of the cards in the. def value (self): value = 0 has_ace = False for card in self. Card Values in Blackjack. [1] Cards 2-6 have a value of +1. Just choose your favorite free blackjack variant and wait for. Before going into more detail, it is imperative to understand the value of each card. Ace – A value of 1 or 11. The name face can be confused with face-up/down. It is up to each individual player if an ace is worth 1 or 11. All face cards—king, queen, jack—have a value of 10. The opponent is always the house, i. Basic Card Values. The percentage here also assumes that the player knows basic strategy and applies this strategy at the blackjack table. Blackjack Side RulesThe suits do not matter; only the value of the cards. In Britain since World War I, the informal game has been called pontoon. If you have a soft hand and draw a card that makes counting the Ace as 11 result in a bust, the Ace’s value automatically becomes 1, turning the hand hard. Face Cards. The total of any hand is the sum of the card values in the hand. Why do jokers exist in cards? Card Values. Aces also have a value of -1. Blackjack Card Values. These are the starting hands. Having a true count +1 with six decks of cards basically means that the casino no longer has an advantage, given optimal play. The value of an Ace is the optimal value for the player, for example a Jack and an Ace is 21 (Blackjack), but two Jacks and an Ace is also 21 (but not a Blackjack). all players play against the house / dealer with face up cards at the center of the table. We know that we have seen 5 more low cards than high cards (low cards = 2/3/4/5/6, high cards = 10/J/Q/K/A, neutral = 7/8/9). See the card values in blackjack below: Numbered cards (2 to 10) retain face value. The values for the different cards are as follows: Cards 2 to 6: +1. Blackjack is the world’s most popular casino card game. . Based on the values assigned to the cards that have been dealt, keep a ‘running count’. Blackjack card values. If the dealer’s hand is a Blackjack, the game is a Standoff. Blackjack has a different face card value pattern. The cards 2 through 10 count face value. Welcome to BlackjackDoc. A card with the number four, for instance, has a score of four, while a card with the number six provides a score of six. Is the joker card used in blackjack? A: The Joker card is a wild card in blackjack. In blackjack, the value of an ace is worth one point. Cards from 2-10, points counted as-it-is. Low cards, 2 though 6 are given the value of +1 and high cards such as 10s and aces are givenBlackjack is a popular card game played at the online casino. Cards 2 through 6 have a +1 count. Time yourself — the more cards you can count accurately within the same period, the more your card counting skills will improve. Cards from 2 to 10 are taken at face value. When using the Wong Halves counting method, the 3, 4, and 6 cards are valued at +1, the 2 and 7 cards are valued as +0. Six decks – house. The face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth 10 points each. The Uston Advanced Plus-Minus Blackjack Card Counting System. Ace:Dealer holds a strong hand if the next card is a 10. I. Pip cards 2 through 10 are counted according to their pip values, i. In blackjack, the dealer deals cards to itself last. Blackjack: The best possible hand in blackjack. Face cards – Jack, Queen, and King – are worth 10 points each. "Positive" means about +2 and above. It’s also a term used to refer to a hand in blackjack with an Ace and a 10 value card. In blackjack, the value of an ace is worth one point. 1. This was created by Bryce Carlson, who also published a book on card counting in 1992. There is a dealer on one side of the table, and around it are 7 players. It allows the dealer to simply draw the cards needed for the game in order. totalValue2 += Integer. Ace can either have a value of 1 or 11, depending on the dealer's or player's call during the game. 2. The player has one clear goal in Blackjack - to beat the dealer by building a hand with a value equal to or as close as possible to 21 without busting. Blackjack, also known as 21, is a card game in which a player or players compete against the dealer or “house”, by obtaining a sum of cards that is as close to 21 as possible, without exceeding that value (busting). Alternatively, you can win by having a score lower than 22 when the value of the dealer's hand exceeds 21. 2 through 10 count at face value, i. Aces are worth 1 or 11, whichever value gives the best score without busting. The objective of Blackjack is for the Player to have the total of his/her cards as close to 21, without exceeding 21, while also beating the Dealer’s hand. In Blackjack all card values are as you would understand them in general. There are different strategies that people use here, but the most common way to do it is to assign the value of +1 to any card from 2 to 6. Your blackjack card value chart would, therefore, look something like this: Ace: 1 or 11; 2: 2; 3: 3; 4: 4; 5: 5; 6: 6; 7: 7; 8: 8; 9: 9; 10: 10; Jack: 10; Queen: 10; King: 10; Blackjack uses a standard deck of 52 cards. Single deck – house edge of -0. For example, if the first ten cards to come out of the shoe were 3, 5, K, 7, Q, A, 8, 5, 4, 2, then the running count would be 1 +1. What are the card values in blackjack: Cards from 2 to 9 are valued at face. This is the house edge for a standard game of blackjack that uses from 1-8 decks of cards. Number cards (2-10) are worth that number, the face cards (Jack, Queen, King) are each worth 10, and an Ace can be worth 1 or 11, whichever is better for the. Card values in blackjack. 10, J, Q, and K are valued at 10 points. These rules. The real value of a queen though is seen when it is paired with an ace. A soft hand has an Ace valued at 11, while a hard hand does not have an Ace, or alternatively has an Ace valued at 1. Pontoon simply means holding a picture of a ten value card and an Ace. One of the most important things to understand when playing blackjack is the values of each card. The rules of Blackjack can vary by country and even by casino. 5, 8 is 0, 9 is -0. Step 2: Start with a "Running Count" of zero at the start of the deck/shoe. Understanding these values is the first step towards formulating winning strategies. Rules are dependent on game type, and limits may vary from table to table. It can be used as any other card, but it cannot be counted as part of the players hand. The player has one clear goal in Blackjack - to beat the dealer by building a hand with a value equal to or as close as possible to 21 without busting. The range of these values is a function of the number of decks in the Blackjack shoe, which is commonly six. Rules are dependent on game type, and limits may vary from table to table. Blackjack is scored, on a hand-to-hand basis, by the numerical value of the cards in one’s hand. . Keep in mind that the Ace can either be 1 or 11, whichever brings the hand's value closer to 21 without going over. Obviously trying to calculate these percentages while playing blackjack would be very hard, which is why we use plus and minus 1. Remember, you don't win because you are closer to the value of 21 -- you win because your combined value of the cards is greater than that of dealer. Blackjack Card Values. Depending on the house rules, this hand is usually awarded 3:2 on the player’s. Blackjack Rules. The distinction between cards and their values begin on picture cards. 3. One of the things that you really must know in order to play online blackjack properly is the blackjack card values, as these will tell you what your hand is worth in total and therefore whether or not you have a good chance of winning, as well as then telling you who has won after the dealer takes their turn. Regardless of their suit, each face card is worth 10 points. Even a value of 21 (3+ cards) is worth less than an Ace and a 10-value. Cards 2 to 10 – Value is equal to their numerical value. Ace – Value of 1 or 11. Cards 2 to 10 have the. The dealer’s first card faces up, the second faces down. Essentially, regardless of the variants, the blackjack rules state that twelve different card symbols come into play. Twenty-one is a blackjack, but anything 22 and over is a bust, or an automatic loss. In the Zen system a positive running count (+2, +3, +4) demands a bet increase and a negative running count (-1, -2. In the Hi-Lo card-counting system, each card has one of the three following points: -1, 0, and 1: It’s simple – cards numbered 2–6 are worth +1, cards numbered 7–9 are worth 0, and 10s, face cards, and Aces are worth -1. player and dealer will contain all the card information for each player. Aces are worth either one or 11 depending upon the player’s hand. Each face card (King, Queen, and Jack) assumes a value of 10, but the Ace is the kicker in the game, being the only card that can assume two values, 1 or 11. The Omega II blackjack strategy card counting uses a “balanced” approach with zero as the base. Kings, queens, jacks, and tens get the value of ten. This idea has led to several strategies that players can use to maximize their chances of winning. Using the point values assigned to each card in the deck, the casino blackjack player forms a running count. The values of the cards correspond to their numerical value from 2-10. You should understand right from the beginning that the Hi-Opt II system is more complex than most counting methods. The reason why I decided to do this specific project was to improve my object orientated programming in java. 5. Regardless of the suit, the King of diamonds, the Queen. [4] Deal 1 more face-up card to the players and yourself. The number of decks might be different in various version of the game, but one to eight decks are generally used. Two are red and two are black, but that doesn't really affect the game of blackjack. Can I practice playing Aces at free play gambling sites? Yes you can play practice play blackjack at online casinos, via Facebook and even via downloadable apps. BLACKJACK TERMS Splitting Pairs: If your first 2 cards are a pair with the same numerical. Usually Jack, Queen, King and Ace equal 11-14 points in order of growing, but in blackjack every one of them have 10 points. An ace has two possible values, 1 or 11. Blackjack is played with a six-deck shoe, double-deck or single-deck. However, face cards or picture cards have different values. You can't have the one card represent two values in an enum so you need some other method. All face cards count 10. Except, a "blackjack" is the highest hand. The 20. Blackjack is played with a six-deck shoe, double-deck or single-deck. According to the Hi-Lo system, cards 2-6 have a value of +1, cards 7-9 have a value of 0, cards 10-Ace have a value of -1. Queen: 10. Want to learn card values in a hurry?Yes, face cards in blackjack have a specific value assigned to them. • All other cards, including Ace-9 make up the remaining 69. The dealer’s first card faces up, the second faces down. High-value cards are given a -1 assigned value to reflect their impact on the player’s advantage as they. You add up the value of all the cards in your hand to get your score. Players can choose to hit (draw a card) or stand (stick with their current. T, the Hyland, and the Church. If you’re going to build a hand a close to 21 as possible, you’re going to need to know the value each card holds in the blackjack rules. In Blackjack, the cards have different values. The probability that the first card is an ace is 4/52. Blackjack Strategy. cardValue); It's innocuous enough since it works for any of the integer values you have in cardValue. The game cards from two to nine are so-called number cards and count with their own value. and see what that card would be. The suits are the symbols on the card, Spades, Clubs, Hearts and Diamonds. The blackjack card values are the same everywhere: number cards count as their number, face cards are worth ten, and aces are worth one or 11, while the goal remains the same: to get closer to 21 than the dealer without going over (bust). Hand. Blackjack card values. self. 10 numbered card and face cards are counted as 10 points. Getting a blackjack (a natural total of 21) results in a 3 to 2 payout, which makes a big difference in the player edge. A blackjack hand beats any other hand, also those with a total value of 21 but with more cards. It doesn’t matter if you have two hearts, a heart and a spade, a 10 and a three – it’s the numerical value of the cards that matter. If the first two cards of a player's hand are an ace and any ten-value card (10, King, Queen, or Jack) that player has a blackjack because their. You can't change the word "Queen" to a number. You start with 0 and you count what cards are out of the deck. When the value of dealer's revealed card is 4,5 or 6, it may be fruitful to double your bet with an Ace and 4 in hand. Step 6: learn the dealer’s hand. The ace has a value of either 1 or 11, depending on the player’s choice. Is 5 cards in blackjack a win? A: No, it is not. Player’s Turn: Draw Option: Player can draw additional cards. Face cards: Face cards, sometimes known as royal. Standing on hard 12-16’s may not always work: Because of the increased chances of getting a low value card, hitting may be an option. As you can see, there are separate groups of card values. Kings, queens, and jacks are worth 10. So an ace and a six would give you a soft seventeen. Blackjack is only made with 2 cards. If we were handed a Jack and an Ace as our first two cards, we’d count the Ace as 11 to get blackjack. Start by assigning cards a value of either +1 (cards 2-6), 0 (cards 7-9), or -1 (cards 10-Ace). Use this information to calculate the count per deck or “true count”. Blackjack card values (Blackjack points) Cards in the range from 2 to 10 have the same number of points as their value. J, Q and K have a value of 10. The object is to make the sum of your card values as close to 21, without going over. In this guide, the values. The Ace is always valued at 11 unless that. Cards 2 to 6 have a +1 count, cards 7 to 9 have a 0 or neutral count, and cards 10 through Ace have a -1 count. 77968% in the case of a 2-deck game. This is a valuable bonus that occurs about every 20 hands. Card Values: In blackjack, the suits of the cards have no significance. PerformanceLets say we have a 2-deck blackjack game, half of the cards have been seen, 52 remain unseen. 1. Today, we will study blackjack by writing up a blackjack simulator in Python, simulating a bunch of games, and then studying how our player did. The "Natural Blackjack" hand value is the best of all blackjack hand values. Assign a value to every card. What is the joker in 21? A: The joker in 21 is a card that has the value of 0. The value of a Blackjack hand is the sum of the values of the cards. Blackjack card values. 2: After releasing the left button, press the right mouse button, and a menu will appear. Based on these rules, the player's expected value is -0. The player then adds up the values of the cards that have been dealt to determine the running count. The blackjack card values of Faced cardsAugust 11, 2019. cards: value += card. It is permissible to double after a split. So let’s break that down - here’s all the blackjack card values:PRO TIP:Blackjack card values are simple to understand – all numbered cards (2-10) are worth their face value, aces are worth 1 or 11, and face cards (Jack, Queen, King) are all worth 10. The numbered cards between 2 and 10 represent the face value of that card. All cards count their face value in blackjack. 2 through 10 count at face value, i. 7: Effect of card removal; 8: Analysis of blackjack side bets; 9: Composition-dependent expected returns for 1 to 8 decks; 10: Continuous shuffling machine vs. The players at a blackjack table do not play against each other, they play against the dealer. Players who have the card at hand are at liberty to form blackjacks, and which is known to attract a payout of 3 to 2. Cards worth 10 have a value of -1. 3. Cards 7 to 9: 0. Understanding Blackjack card values. 10, J, Q, K = 10. Card counting is more of an advanced blackjack strategy, where you assign values to each card and add or remove them based on the cards appearing during the round. As for the values of the cards, these are beyond simple to remember. That’s how the casino does the math on all its casino games, and the casino makes sure that the house edge is always in their favor. At first glance, blackjack may seem simple, but let’s understand how the Blackjack card values make it a true mystery. Step 2: Learn how to count cards in blackjack. If they were to change it would not be possible to make a blackjack. In particular, the Jack is worth 10, if you have it alongside an ace, the game payout is 3 to 2. Picture cards count as 10 and the ace can count as either 1 or 11. Its origin is disputed, but it is certainly related to several French and Italian gambling games. The player just needs to learn how to play the game, know the card values, and the best strategic moves he can make in relation to his hand value and that of the dealer. In Basic Blackjack in table 32 (page 124) author Stanford Wong also gives the value of each initial player card based on six decks. This blackjack card counting technique works by assigning a value of either -1, 0 or 1 to each card dealt face up. Before reading into the card values, pay attention to the place you play at. Each card holds a specific point value, and understanding these values is essential for making strategic decisions during gameplay. Below is a helpful scoring chart that can remind you of the value of particular cards. The Halves is one of the most complex and complicated card counting systems out there. Increase your bets when the count is running positive. The Uston APC works just like other card counting methods. In this guide, the values. The objective of Infinite Blackjack is to achieve a higher card count than the dealer, but without going over 21. What you need to do is ‘keep the count’ by adding up all of the cards that have been dealt using the point system. Card Values. Blackjack You get a blackjack when an ace is dealt followed by a 10-value card to a total of 21. Card - holds the value and suit of an individual card; Deck - holds the cards and the logic for shuffling and dealing; Hand - another collection of cards, with the logic for adding up scores. Face cards (J, Q, K) have a value of. But, calculating a hand's value is hard. The aim of the game is to beat the dealer or croupier and win a return on your wager by scoring a total card value as close to 21 without going over. Your goal is to draw cards with a value as close to 21 as possible without going over. Here are all of the blackjack card values in a 52-card deck: Ace: Ace can be a great card to receive. A blackjack – an ace and a ten-point card (10s, jacks, queens, kings) is also 21 points, but will beat any 21 hand in most blackjack variants out there. Start by assigning cards a value of either +1 (cards 2-6), 0 (cards 7-9), or -1 (cards 10-Ace). In the Advanced Omega II counting is a little more difficult because of the values assigned to the cards. Number Cards: Face value (2-10) Face Cards (Jack, Queen, King): 10; Ace: 1 or 11 (player’s choice) Gameplay. Card counting in blackjack can be done by players using the following 3 easy steps: First, each card should be assigned a value, according to the plus-minus count. The best Blackjack hand he can obtain is a natural Blackjack - an ace and a ten-value card. For example, a six is worth exactly six. The cards 2 through 10 are worth their face value. All face cards are 10 except for Ace which can be 1 or 11. This card at hand might be your most valuable piece. In card counting, we assign each card a basic value that directly correlates to their actual value when removed from the deck. The game is straightforward when it comes to the value of your cards. Numbered cards retain their face value, meaning a two of clubs is worth two total points. The Ace can be worth either 1 or 11 points, depending on which value benefits the player’s hand the most. 77% of cards in any blackjack game are 10-value cards. I'm working in python to make a blackjack game through python's class structure and I've made the deck an array with the cards as strings. Into the world of Casinos' Blackjack is one of the most popular names and the game also needs expert opinion or strategies for its winning purposes. It is one of the most valuable cards in blackjack since it gives you more playing options. If it's doesn't, it's 11. With balanced counts, the counting begins with the value of 0 and if the player goes through a deck, or multiple decks, of cards. Blackjack uses a full deck of 52 cards, however, some games can use more than one deck. Step 3. Knowing the rules and mastering blackjack strategy. For each card, assign a specific value. Face cards are essential in blackjack because they are worth 10, which is a significant number. Here is the first file that manages the game and the other is the cards. With the Uston APC card counting system, it is a good idea to divide the running count by the half-decks remaining in play. Moreover, you have to beat whatever hand both the dealer and other players have drawn; if they have 20 and you have 19,. A natural blackjack hand is worth 21 points with its two-hole cards and has a. It consists of an ace and a card with a value of 10. Learn how to quickly add up card values in blackjack from a pr. Cards from 2 to 10 are taken at face value. Aces may be used as either 1 or 11 See full list on casinopie. With card values, play decisions, and bet decisions. Download. card_values[rank] def ascii_version_of_card(*cards, return_string=True): """ Instead of a boring text version of the card we render an ASCII. Classic blackjack is liked by many gamblers and professionals usually choose this variation to. Try to remember that the face cards. read more. ” • If you have a Blackjack, the dealer pays you one-and-a-half times your bet — unless the It is the numerical value of the Blackjack cards that actually matters. These are the blackjack terms you must know to determine the right play to make in each situation. CARD VALUES • 2 through 10: face value Before you decide to start placing any bets on Blackjack, you must first understand the card values. Face cards (jacks, queens, and kings) are all value 10 factors every. These are easy but are essential for strategy. The face cards (jacks, queens and kings) all have the same value of 10 per card, and a deck features 12 of these cards. Card suits have no meaning in blackjack. The Hi-Lo strategy requires the players to assign specific values to the cards. Aces are worth one or eleven, whichever is better for. Blackjack Rules -. Numerical cards (2-9) have a value equal to. It is always considered beneficial during the game. You need to know what each card is worth in the game to know how to count them. Naming. If the dealer gets a blackjack, the. Card Counting – This is a way of keeping track of which cards have been dealt by memorizing. And each basic card deck has 52 cards in overall. Basic Blackjack rules. Description# Card Values: Face cards (Jack, Queen, King) have a point value of 10. Face cards (King, Queen and Jack) are all worth 10. Next, cards from 7 to 9 should be assigned the value of 0. A Blackjack shoe has 6-8 decks of cards. Okay, so it’s probably fair to say that most people understand the aim of blackjack. This running count is expressed by a positive (+1, +2, +3) or negative (-1, -2, -3) number. Aces can count as 1 or 11 when scoring goals. e. Before playing, players must learn the blackjack hand values. CARD VALUES: Kings, queens, and jacks if pulled will be a ten value card. That means each card has a value based on the number of the card. In a six-deck game, a first-card Ace leaves 64 of the other 311 cards, or 30. The main Blackjack card values. Whereas Ace can have 1 or 11 points. When the game starts, the player can ask for another. Card Values in Blackjack . Hit me. Values of Number Cards (2-10) Number cards, from 2 to 10, are worth their face value. Numerical cards (2-10): Numerical cards. The player has one clear goal in Blackjack - to beat the dealer by building a hand with a value equal to or as close as possible to 21 without busting. Step 2. Numerical cards (2-10): Numerical cards maintain their face value. A deck has 36 numbered cards. Step 6: learn the dealer’s hand. The fewer decks used, the higher the player’s advantage, as more decks mean more advantage for the dealer. The counting cards blackjack true count affects the house edge for the remaining deck. The following table shows what the card’s value is for this game: Ace: can be worth either 1 or 11. Below is a table with the card values used during a game of Blackjack. Start by assigning cards a value of either +1 (cards 2-6), 0 (cards 7-9), or -1 (cards 10-Ace). I assume the published values apply only when the count is zero. The blackjack hand beats all others, and blackjack vs. Blackjack is a popular casino game that has been played for centuries. CARD VALUES • 2 through 10: face value Counting Cards Can Be Broken Into 4 Steps: Step 1. The dealer "busts" which means their point value exceeds 21. The most common card counting system used is the Hi-Lo system, which assigns a value of +1 to low cards (2-6), 0 to neutral cards (7-9), and -1 to high cards (10-Ace). Blackjack card values.